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Tari Barong dan Keris : Peperangan Abadi antara Kebaikan dengan Kejahatan

 

Pulau Bali tak hanya diberkahi dengan pantainya yang mempesona dan lanskap alamnya yang luar biasa, Bali juga memiliki tradisi budaya mengagumkan yang masih tetap dilestarikan dengan baik oleh warganya.

Salah satu warisan budaya Bali yang terkenal adalah tari Barong. Tari Barong merupakan salah satu bentuk seni yang sering diasosiasikan dengan spiritual. Tarian yang menggambarkan pertempuran klasik antara “Kebaikan dengan Kejahatan”, menjelma menjadi salah satu tarian yang paling terkenal dan paling disukai di Bali.

barong dance

Dalam mitologi Bali, Barong merupakan salah satu tokoh berwujud singa. Tokoh ini dianggap sebagai Raja Roh yang mewakili kebajikan, atau dikenal juga sebagai ‘malaikat pelindung’. Sementara itu, Rangda (janda dalam bahasa Jawa) merupakan tokoh perlawanan dari Barong. Rangda dikenal juga sebagai Ratu Iblis yang memimpin pasukan penyihir jahat. Bukan hanya tari biasa, Tari Barong hadir sebagai cerminan hidup yang menggambarkan dua karakter dalam pertempuran yang tiada akhir.

Serupa dengan Tari Sanghyang, Tari Barong merupakan budaya asli Bali yang sudah eksis sebelum masuknya Hindu ke Bali. Bak singa, Barong juga dibalut bulu tebal berwarna putih disekeliling wajahnya dan dihiasi oleh berbagai perhiasan emas dan pecahan-pecahan cermin. Sama seperti Barongsai, Barong dimainkan oleh dua orang penari yang dengan lincah beratraksi menampilkan gerakan-gerakan secara padu.

barong dance

Dalam drama tarinya, yang bernama Calon Arang, Sobat Pesona akan menyaksikan cerita Barong menangkal sihir Rangda yang menguasai dunia. Dalam drama tersebut diceritakan pula para pria akan bertarung satu sama lain dengan menggunakan keris belati, namun ketika Barong muncul, mereka mengubah arah kerisnya dan menusukkannya pada diri mereka sendiri. Para pemain masuk ke kondisi kesurupan. Barong kemudian mengalahkan Rangda sehingga alam kembali seimbang. Sementara itu, para pemain yang kesurupan kemudian terlahir kembali (reinkarnasi) berkat percikan air suci.

Masyarakat Bali percaya, bahwa setiap wilayah memiliki ruh pelindungnya masing-masing untuk melindungi hutan serta tanahnya. Untuk setiap wilayah, Barong digambarkan dengan binatang yang berbeda-beda. Barong Ket (Barong Singa) merupakan jenis Barong yang paling umum ditemukan di hampir semua bagian pulau. Sedangkan, Barong Buntut merupakan salah satu jens Barong yang hanya menonjolkan bagian depannya, umumnya dipentaskan oleh seorang penari tunggal. Jenis Barong lainnya adalah Barong Landung (Barong Raksasa), Barong Celeng (Barong Babi Hutan), Barong Macan, dan Barong Naga.

barong dance

Pertunjukan Barong biasanya dengan mudah dapat ditemukan di banyak tempat di Bali. Namun, yang paling populer adalah pertunjukan Barong di Desa Batu Bulan di kabupaten Gianyar atau pertunjukan Barong di Kesiman, Denpasar.

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